Literature Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Literature Analysis - Assignment Example Hierarchical organizations that need a focused approach for task completion appealed to a leadership style that was more authoritarian in nature where as an organization with the same demographics needing to explore/brainstorm new ideas, required less restriction. Existence of different leadership styles is an indicator of possible differences in effectiveness of the styles in different organizational environments or differences in leader’s traits to facilitate effectiveness of a leadership style. Almansour (2012) sought to investigate relationship between leadership approach and leaders’ effectiveness, with focus on the leaders’ level of motivation. This was based on the hypothesis that leaders’ performance is an indicator of their level of motivation. The author applied an exploratory approach on existing literature on the relationship, approach that offers sufficient data for an in-depth analysis of a subject matter. The research method is however limited to reliability and validity of the applied literature, which may also be difficult to ascertain. The author identifies three leadership styles that are explored. Transformational leadership is the first style, is associated with change and influence, and has fo ur fundamental factors. Idealized influence is one of the factors and defines a mentorship role to followers. The factor also attracts trust and respect on leaders and these empower leaders towards effectiveness, and ensure that followers are obedient to the leader’s directions. Intellectual stimulation is another of the author’s reported factors and defines ability to promote creativity and innovation among followers through improving people’s rationale and ability to solve problems. Transformational leaders are also inspirational, improving followers commitment to objectives, and considerate to ensure utility in both followers and the subject organization. These factors therefore identify

Gallery Review - Nancy Lang Essay Example for Free

Gallery Review Nancy Lang Essay Today, the 9th of March, I have heard of the Pyo Gallery, and as soon as I heard that it was in Wangjing, I changed my plan from going to the Dashanzi District to trying the new place. It was hidden in several other galleries. I was lucky to get there before the exhibition time was over. The owner was a Korean, who kindly explained some paintings for me. I was glad to find out that they currently had an exhibition of Nancy Langs art. I have always wanted to find out more about Nancy Lang ever since I have seen her in person at the art fare I have been to, in Korea last summer. There was her trademark series of Taboo Yogini paintings of which I have seen one piece of it before. Among all of the paintings that looked similar in overall size and image, I preferred this particular painting the most. Nancy Lang is an American born-Korean Pop artist who is very young and innovative. This piece of her is named the Taboo Yogini, Swinger and has an enormous size of 210 x 175 cm. She used mixed media on canvas to create this huge piece. This painting was finished in the year 2006, when she was 27. On this humungous canvas, there is a big character in the middle which has the body of a robot and a head of a girl with some abstract and obscure figures as legs. The subject has a basket full of tennis balls in its right hand. The light-blue background is solid with no value. The most interesting aspect about this art piece is the mysterious figure placed in the center holding the viewers attention. This piece looks more like a collage than a painting with images attached on the screen. The positive space is the one and only subject on the canvas. The body, which appears to be a robot, contains the three primary colors with a considerable amount of white. These colors together form a fancy image of a childs robot toy, attracting the viewers eyes to the center of the figure, which is where the head is placed. An image of the head of a human girl is used, juxtaposing the robot body. In the figures right hand there is a basket of lime green tennis balls. In the lower part of the art piece, as the legs of the main subject there are two obscure figures that could be hardly described. On the left side there is a fan shaped quadrilateral printed on a shiny material, and on the right side there is a figure that seems like a mixture of blood vessels and bones. The objects do not seem to have any connection between them, but as a whole they get together very well forming one huge body. The negative space is painted in one tone of light-blue, which helps the subject to stand out. Unlike its visual texture the actual texture of the piece is very smooth just like a painting. Nancy Lang is famous for her mysterious art pieces and unconventional performances. She is a multi-talented young woman who wants to be famous and rich, according to her own words. She actually has played a violin in the middle of a street wearing Victoria Secret lingerie and red high heels with kabuki style makeup. In her series of Taboo Yogini, she mixes up diverse icons to create a sort of cyborg that she declares to be the ironical face of the democracies we live in. According to her, this character Yogini, which originally means a yoga trainee, points to an existence between an angel and devil. So the name of her series Taboo Yogini is in a way representing both good and bad. I think the half-robots that appear on her pieces also represent Nancy Lang herself and the various different sides of her. Nancy Langs paintings are very obscure and difficult to understand. When I first looked at this piece, I was totally blown away by the innovative design of the image. However, I could never see the ironical face of the democracies before I read the explanation. These mystical figures, which look almost like monsters, keep appearing on her canvases expanding the viewers imagination and interpretation of them. Still, I think they are insufficient to clearly deliver the authors true intention of creating such images. Nevertheless, it is impossible for one to see through the genuine mind of an author. I really like Nancy Lang and her innovative spirit. She is afraid of nothing, even the awkward stare of others.

Equality diversity and rights

Equality diversity and rights Equality diversity and rights I have done my presentation on equality diversity and rights I have chosen to do my presentation on a care home setting. I will be looking at the different aspects of care that is available at the care home and the possible barriers of care that may or may not be over come. I will also be looking at acts that are in place to protect the service user against abuse. I will also look closely at the safety measures they have in place to care for the service user and make sure that the service user is happy and is being cared for according to the care value base. There are 3 ways that people can refer to care these are: self referral when the patient itself brings their selfs forward for care third party referrals this is when friends or family one someone else brings the patient forward to care as they may this he or she may be incapable of looking after their selves. There will be an assessment of the patient to see whether they are in need of help with the care of their selves. If they dont want to go into care then things to consider will be their human rights (1998) and also other peoples human rights, so they have to either be a danger to their selves or the public (PUBLIC SAFETY ACT, 2002) Professional referral- when a doctor or someone who is an expert in the line of work refers patients in to care for a variety of reasons, i.e. Dementia. Practice should be regulated by the ethics in patient referrals act of 1989. Effective communication this is important in making sure the service user is happy also taking in to account their opinions and letting them express their selves by verbal and non verbal communication, also to make sure that someone is there to listen to the service users issues. There might be some service users who might not feel comfortable talking so maybe there could   suggestion boxes around the care home and also meeting with the service users every few weeks to see whether they are satisfied and to see if they have any thoughts about how to improve the care home, There could also be activities going on such as bingo and trips and events out for the service users. This would keep them occupied and meet their social needs; and also have a chance to communicate with the carers. There could also be a notice board with notices that allow news and up coming events to be known to the residences that may not be in a sociable mood that week this allows them to get involved in the a ctivities that are going on, this stops them from being socially excluded. Diversity (race, belief) and also equality Rights to individuality- everyone should have the right to express themselves in the way that they want to. Everyone should have the right to express their selves at the care home by maybe doing different activities that could take place each day such as bingo or arts and crafts this would give the service user the freedom to choose what they wanted to do .I think decision making should be left to the service user this should be down to what they eat what they ware their independence should be maintained unless it is no other way services user should also have the right to practice their religion without prejudice Effects of discrimination (this can be a bad opinion or feeling formed in advance without any real reason thought, in the care home by a carer and it that can lead to unfair discrimination of a person making a difference in which way a person is treated) which can lead to abuse towards the client (This may affect the client badly by them being socially excluded from the group as they feel low on their self-esteem. This will just lead to oppression of the client. Acts that protect the service user Legalisation comes about by media, pressure groups and MPs bringing up an idea like equality in care homes. Then people recognize that this becomes an issue of equal opportunity. The assembly discusses this and then the government research and write a report on this matter. Then the civil services make a suggestion such as: passing an act to protect people who are of different ethnicities. The government produces a green paper, which people have access to, they debate about the matter, the civil services passes on findings of the debate to the government who then produce a white paper which then creates further debates about the matter, the house of parliament debates proposals the proposals get the royal asset which then finally leads to legalisation of the matter. The sources of equality in law are the British courts, British parliaments European Union and the European courts. The British court passes case law and the British parliament passes acts of parliament. The European Union passes directives ad regulations and the European courts passes case laws. These are all then become into one equality law. These laws are the put into care settings by charters organisational policies and codes of practice There are 3 different European laws affecting individuals these are: Regulations this is the strongest law out of the three and must be carried out by all the members of the state straight away. Directives applied by members of the state to make their laws related to all the other members of the state. There are laws such as the race relations act 1976; this was amended in the year 2003 this protects the clients against unjust treatments due to their racial ethnicity. The act defines discrimination as less favourable treatment according to racial ground .This plans to promote racial individuality as a positive thing. Section 3 on the 2006 act summarises: peoples ability to achieve their potential is not stopped by prejudice or discrimination; there is respect for and protection of each individuals human rights; there is respect for the dignity and worth of every individual; every individual has an equal opportunity to participate in society; and There is mutual respect between groups based on understanding and valuing diversity and on shared respect for equality and human rights. There are also bodies such as the;Equality and Human Rights Commission who was established under the 2006 equality act. Empowerment residents have the choice to do what they want when they want they are given a choice of when to be woken up in the morning and what time they want to have breakfast and to be given a choice on what they want to eat also they should be able to have snacks at anytime throughout the day Care value base- this is a mixture of: Promoting anti discriminatory practice Maintaining confidentiality ofinformation Promoting and supporting individuals personal beliefs and identities Promoting effective communication and relationships Providing individuals care Empowerment The care value base came around 1992; and it can apply to any age group that is in a care environment. Bibliography Armstrong F and Barton L (1999) Disability Human Rights and Education Open University Press Bagilhole B (1997) Equal Opportunities and Social Policy Addison Wesley Longman Limited Moonie M (2004) Diversity and Rights in Care Heinemann Educational Publishers Shakespeare T (2006) Disability Rights and Wrongs Routledge

Measure for Measure Essay: Lord Angelos Hypocrisy -- Measure for Meas

Lord Angelo's Hypocrisy in Measure for Measure      Ã‚   Within ‘Measure for Measure’ Shakespeare presents the notion that mankind's corruption is not necessarily born by power, but rather already innate in humanity. Shakespeare argues that power is not a producer of corruption by presenting the Duke, who holds the most power, as a moral hero, and conversely revealing the corruption of the powerless class (through characters like, Pompey, Mistress Overdone, and Barnadine).   Shakespeare uses Lord Angelo in Measure for Measure to show that corruption is innate within mankind whilst Angelo is a symbolism for pharisaical fanaticism in the play.       It's interesting to note that Lord Angelo's name evokes an image of purity and holiness.   Names are given at birth, and the idea that he is called angelic from the start, would argue against this doctrine of innate depravity.   But, as Shakespeare argues, it's a name that can't be lived up to because of natural passions and lusts, which ultimately leads to Angelo's hypocrisy.   The play opens up not only dressing up Angelo with a pure name, but also as a puritanical deputy, who has been "elected" to enforce the laws while the Duke is away.   This idea of "election" not only signifies the political decree of Vienna, but also a Pauline doctrine that relates to men and angels.    Angelo has done an efficient job at fooling people into believing that he is incapable of natural vices. When the Duke announces the decision to give Angelo authority, Escalus, the good lord, applauds the choice: "If any in Vienna be of worth, To undergo such ample grace and honor, It is Lord Angelo". Angelo has done such an efficient job he has even fooled the lower class into thinking that he is pu... ...ne of Shakespeare's solution to this innate problem is not to run off and join a monastery (or a convent, as Isabella attempts to do); but rather to accept the inborn human vices and try to lead good lives in spite of them.    Works Cited and Consulted: Black, James. "The Unfolding of Measure for Measure." Shakespeare Survey 26 (1973): 119-28. Leech, Clifford. "The 'Meaning' of Measure for Measure." Shakespeare Survey 3 (1950): 69-71. New American Standard Bible. Reference ed. Chicago: Moody Press, 1975. Shakespeare, William. Measure for Measure. The Arden Shakespeare. Ed. J.W. Lever. London: Routledge, 1995. Thomas, Vivian.   The Moral Universe of Shakespeare's Problem Plays.   London: Croom Helm, 1987. Wilders, John.   "The Problem Comedies."   In Wells, Stanley, ed.   Shakespeare: Select Bibliographical Guides.   London: Oxford UP, 1973. Measure for Measure Essay: Lord Angelo's Hypocrisy -- Measure for Meas Lord Angelo's Hypocrisy in Measure for Measure      Ã‚   Within ‘Measure for Measure’ Shakespeare presents the notion that mankind's corruption is not necessarily born by power, but rather already innate in humanity. Shakespeare argues that power is not a producer of corruption by presenting the Duke, who holds the most power, as a moral hero, and conversely revealing the corruption of the powerless class (through characters like, Pompey, Mistress Overdone, and Barnadine).   Shakespeare uses Lord Angelo in Measure for Measure to show that corruption is innate within mankind whilst Angelo is a symbolism for pharisaical fanaticism in the play.       It's interesting to note that Lord Angelo's name evokes an image of purity and holiness.   Names are given at birth, and the idea that he is called angelic from the start, would argue against this doctrine of innate depravity.   But, as Shakespeare argues, it's a name that can't be lived up to because of natural passions and lusts, which ultimately leads to Angelo's hypocrisy.   The play opens up not only dressing up Angelo with a pure name, but also as a puritanical deputy, who has been "elected" to enforce the laws while the Duke is away.   This idea of "election" not only signifies the political decree of Vienna, but also a Pauline doctrine that relates to men and angels.    Angelo has done an efficient job at fooling people into believing that he is incapable of natural vices. When the Duke announces the decision to give Angelo authority, Escalus, the good lord, applauds the choice: "If any in Vienna be of worth, To undergo such ample grace and honor, It is Lord Angelo". Angelo has done such an efficient job he has even fooled the lower class into thinking that he is pu... ...ne of Shakespeare's solution to this innate problem is not to run off and join a monastery (or a convent, as Isabella attempts to do); but rather to accept the inborn human vices and try to lead good lives in spite of them.    Works Cited and Consulted: Black, James. "The Unfolding of Measure for Measure." Shakespeare Survey 26 (1973): 119-28. Leech, Clifford. "The 'Meaning' of Measure for Measure." Shakespeare Survey 3 (1950): 69-71. New American Standard Bible. Reference ed. Chicago: Moody Press, 1975. Shakespeare, William. Measure for Measure. The Arden Shakespeare. Ed. J.W. Lever. London: Routledge, 1995. Thomas, Vivian.   The Moral Universe of Shakespeare's Problem Plays.   London: Croom Helm, 1987. Wilders, John.   "The Problem Comedies."   In Wells, Stanley, ed.   Shakespeare: Select Bibliographical Guides.   London: Oxford UP, 1973.

Johnson Beverage Inc Essay

As president and primary owner of Johnson Beverage, Inc. (JBI), Jack Johnson was beginning to realize that retaining long-term customers was becoming a challenge. During a delivery run yesterday, driver Joe Stevens had noticed a competitor’s sales manager talking with the general manager of Saver Superstore, one of JBI’s largest customers. Then, that morning, Johnson’s sales manager, Marsha Ketchum, had mentioned that, during her visit with the same general manager on Wednesday, he was starting to make some noises about wanting to negotiate a lower price. This could cause a dilemma because this customer had been one of the company’s largest and most loyal customers for years. Johnson leaned back in his chair. These things always seemed to come up on Friday— just in time to monopolize his thoughts over what otherwise would have been a restful weekend. Deciding to address the situation head on, he scheduled a meeting with Stevens, Ketchum, and several others for later that afternoon. Company Background JBI distributed beverages to retail customers. The company had been in business for two decades and had become a preferred distributor among several retail outlets in the local area. JBI primarily distributed bottled sports drinks made by small specialty beverage companies, and its business had grown steadily with the popularity of sports drinks over the past 10 to  20 years. Last year, JBI’s revenues totaled $12 million. The company serviced about 20 customers whose beverage purchases totaled anywhere from about $100,000 to over $1 million annually. The undiscounted list price on the sports drinks that JBI distributed was $15.20 per case of 24 bottles. The full cost (excluding customer service costs) of the bottled drinks was $13.10 per case. The company offered discounts to some of its customers, which varied by customer based on a number of factors, including the volume of drinks the customer purchased, the future potential of the customer, and the negotiating success of the company’s sales representative, among others. This case was prepared by Associate Professor Luann J. Lynch. It was written as a basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation. Copyright ïÆ' £ 2009 by the University of Virginia Darden School Foundation, Charlottesville, VA. All rights reserved. To order copies, send an e-mail to sales@dardenbusinesspublishing.com. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without the permission of the Darden School Foundation. Rev. 6/09. This document is authorized for use only by madelene manu at Douglas College. Please do not copy or redistribute. Contact permissions@dardenbusinesspublishing.com for questions or additional permissions. The Meeting Johnson opened the meeting by summarizing what he had heard from Stevens and Ketchum over the past couple of days. â€Å"It looks like we’ve got some competition for one of our best customers: Saver Superstore. I guess I’m not too surprised. They’re a big customer.† â€Å"This isn’t the first time this has happened,† added Ketchum. â€Å"You might remember that this same competitor has approached Saver Superstore before. But that time, we were able to keep the business by offering a bit more of a discount. I think we’ll have to do more of that this time, or I’m afraid we’ll lose the customer.† Johnson responded quickly. â€Å"We can’t get into a price war on this. I know this is a big customer, and a loyal one too, but it’s certainly not one of our most profitable. I had Jim pull some numbers together on several of our accounts. Saver Superstore is one of our lowest-margin customers. Take a look.† Jim Thomas in accounting, who was also in the meeting, had prepared a report (Exhibit 1), which Johnson laid on the table for the others to look at. Thomas explained how the accounting group compiled the numbers: For each customer, we just pull the revenues right out of the accounting system. We know what they ordered and what we shipped, and we know what price we charge each customer, so that part is pretty easy. And we know that the cost per case, excluding our customer service costs, is $13.10. So we can multiply $13.10 per case by the number of cases we shipped to get our cost of goods. Then, we subtract our cost of goods from revenues for each customer and get a gross margin. Now, you may remember that we’ve talked about how hard it is to trace our customer service costs to any particular customer. Our customer service costs run about $1.2 million a year, roughly 10% of revenues. To make things easy, we allocate those to each customer based on its share of the company’s total revenues. So if a customer accounts for 5% of our revenues, we allocate it 5% of our customer service costs. Then, we calculate a customer margin for each customer. Johnson looked at the numbers and said: I don’t think we can lower our price to Saver Superstore much more and make any money on this one. And just think, if we offer a larger discount to them, then we’ll have our other customers wanting the same thing—especially the other big ones. I can see it now: Marsha is going to walk in here next  month and tell us that Oscar’s OddLots has heard about the deal we struck with Saver Superstore, has been talking with that competitor, and they want the same thing. This document is authorized for use only by madelene manu at Douglas College. Please do not copy or redistribute. Contact permissions@dardenbusinesspublishing.com for questions or additional permissions. Oscar’s OddLots, a large local retailer on the edge of town, was another of JBI’s large customers. Jason Rodgers, the operations manager for JBI, was listening carefully. This was the first he had heard of the situation, but to a careful observer, his nod would have revealed what he was thinking. He said: You know, I’m not a bit surprised to hear all this. Saver Superstore is a great customer. They buy lots of beverages, and they’re easy to deal with. They place their orders on a regular basis and almost never ask for anything special. I don’t remember the last time we had to run around in the warehouse pulling together a rush order from them. Who wouldn’t want that business? Stevens agreed, â€Å"You’re right. I almost never have to change my delivery schedule because they’ve asked for quick delivery. And they’re right around the corner, so they’re easy for us to get to.† Rodgers continued: I think about some of our other customers. They seem to never be able to  anticipate that they’ll be out of stock. Then they call us and make it our problem to deal with. It seems like we have some customers that we work on all day every day. Why can’t that competitor go after those customers? It’s hard for me to believe that some of those customers are more profitable than Saver Superstore. Maybe we ought to add what we guys in the warehouse call a â€Å"pain factor† onto those other customers and then see who is most profitable for us. As Johnson listened, he realized Rodgers might be onto something. â€Å"Jim, what types of costs are included in those customer service costs?† Thomas replied, â€Å"Well, that number includes several things.† He continued: It includes anything related to handling the beverages, like picking the beverages from the warehouse shelves according to the order instructions, moving the beverages over to the dock, and loading them on the delivery truck. It includes any costs related to taking, coordinating, and administering the orders, like what we pay the people in the sales office who take phone orders from customers, the supervisory costs to administer the order, and similar things. It includes anything related to delivering the beverages to the customer’s location, like the cost of the delivery trucks, truck maintenance, and what we pay Joe and people like him to drive the trucks. It includes anything related to all those rush orders you’re talking about, like overtime, extra scheduling, and stuff like that. And it includes what we pay Marsha for what she does, like visiting the customers to check in on them. So there’s quite a bit of stuff in there. Johnson thought about this. â€Å"So you’re telling me that there are some customers that you are spending a lot more time on than others? And it’s not Saver Superstore?† This document is authorized for use only by madelene manu at Douglas College. Please do not copy or redistribute. Contact permissions@dardenbusinesspublishing.com for questions or additional permissions. â€Å"That’s right,† Rodgers replied. Johnson continued, â€Å"But since our accounting system is allocating these customer service costs based on revenues, and since Saver Superstore is one of our biggest customers, it’s allocating a large share of those costs to Saver Superstore.† â€Å"Exactly,† Thomas said. Let me do this: Let me spend a couple of days collecting some information. I’ll need some help from each of you because I want to try to find out how much of your time you are spending on each of our customers. Maybe it’s time to get more sophisticated about how we look at these customer service costs. It may be worth the effort. Stevens, Ketchum, and Rodgers all agreed to spend some time with Thomas so he could summarize the amount of activity they devoted to each customer. They would meet again the following Friday. Thomas promised to compile an analysis that might help them determine how profitable each of their customers really was. Activity Analysis Before he left for the weekend, Thomas decided to pull together some information about the customer service costs he had described in the meeting: handling the product, taking the orders, delivering the product, expediting rush orders, and visiting the customer. He searched through the accounting system and determined how much of the annual $1.2 million in customer service costs was associated with each of those categories (Table 1). Table 1. Customer service costs during the prior year by area of activity. Area of activity Total $ Product handling Taking orders from customers Delivering the product Expediting deliveries (other than automobile) Sales visits to customers Total $ 672,000 100,000 140,000 198,000 90,000 $ 1,200,000 This document is authorized for use only by madelene manu at Douglas College. Please do not copy or redistribute. Contact permissions@dardenbusinesspublishing.com for questions or additional permissions. Then, on Monday, Thomas met individually with Stevens, Ketchum, and Rodgers. With their help, he determined what he thought to be the primary driver of the costs in each of those customer service categories (Table 2). Table 2. Cost drivers by area of activity. Area of activity Cost driver Product handling Taking orders from customers Delivering the product Expediting deliveries (other than automobile) Sales visits to customers Number of cases sold Number of purchase orders Number of miles traveled Number of expedited deliveries Number of sales visits Thomas determined from the company’s accounting records that the company sold 800,000 cases of beverages and processed 500 purchase orders the previous year. Stevens checked the mileage records for the delivery vehicles and determined that the vehicles had traveled a total of 44,800 miles. Rodgers was able to determine that the company made 4,480 deliveries, 2,500 of which were expedited deliveries. And finally, Ketchum checked her daily travel log to determine she had made a total of 360 sales visits to the company’s customers. Thomas’s next step was to determine how much of these cost drivers were attributable to each customer. Again, he was able to obtain some of that information (e.g., number of cases) relatively easily from the company’s records. Then his colleagues helped him determine customer numbers for the rest of the activities. Exhibit 2 presents this data for the four customers included in Thomas’s first report (Exhibit 1). Exhibit 1 JOHNSON BEVERAGE, INC. Report of Customer Profitability during the Previous Year for Four Customers Prepared by Jim Thomas Net revenues Cost of goods Gross margin Customer service costs Customer profit Customer profit (% of net revenues) Saver Superstore $ 1,168,000 1,048,000 $ 120,000 116,800 $ 3,200 0.3% Oscar’s OddLots $ 1,192,000 1,048,000 $ 144,000 119,200 $ 24,800 2.1% Midwellen Supermarket $ 121,520 104,800 $ 16,720 12,152 $ 4,568 3.8% Downtown Retail $ 454,500 393,000 $ 61,500 45,450 $ 16,050 3.5% Total for JBI $12,000,000 10,480,000 $ 1,520,000 1,200,000 $ 320,000 2.7% Exhibit 2 JOHNSON BEVERAGE, INC. Additional Information from Prior Year for Four Customers Price per case Number of cases Number of orders Number of deliveries1 Miles traveled per delivery Number of expedited deliveries Number of sales visits 1 Saver Superstore $14.60 80,000 16 110 5 10 12 Includes both expedited and regular deliveries. Oscar’s OddLots $14.90 80,000 40 400 19 250 25 Midwellen Supermarket $15.19 8,000 20 200 11 130 18 Downtown Retail $15.15 30,000 30 230 4 90 9 Total for JBI $15.00 800,000 500 4,480 10 2,500 360

WordStarâ€The First Word Processor

WordStar- The First Word Processor Released in 1979 by Micropro International, WordStar was the first commercially successful word processing software program produced for microcomputers. It became the  best-selling software program of the early 1980s. Its inventors were Seymour Rubenstein and Rob Barnaby. Rubenstein had been the director of marketing for  IMS Associates Inc.  (IMSAI), a  California-based  computer company, which he left in 1978 to start his own software company. He convinced Barnaby, the  chief programmer for IMSAI, to join him, and gave him the task of writing a data processing program. What is Word Processing? Prior to the invention of word processing, the only way to get ones thoughts down on paper was via a typewriter or a printing press. Word processing, however, allowed people to write, edit, and produce documents (letters, reports, books, etc.) by using a computer and computer software designed specifically to rapidly and efficiently manipulate text.   Early Word Processing The first computer word processors were line editors, software-writing aids that allowed a programmer to make changes in a line of program code. Altair programmer Michael Shrayer decided to write the manuals for computer programs on the same computers the programs ran on. He wrote the somewhat popular, and the actual first PC word processing program, called the Electric Pencil, in 1976. Other early word processor programs worth noting were: Apple Write I, Samna III, Word, WordPerfect, and Scripsit. The Rise of WordStar Seymour Rubenstein first started developing an early version of a word processor for the IMSAI 8080 computer when he was director of marketing for IMSAI. He left to start MicroPro International Inc. in 1978 with only $8,500 in cash. At Rubensteins urging, software programmer Rob Barnaby left IMSAI to join MicroPro. Barnaby wrote the 1979 version of WordStar for CP/M, the mass-market operating system created for  Intels 8080/85-based microcomputers by Gary Kildall, released in 1977.  Jim Fox, Barnabys assistant, ported (meaning re-wrote for a different operating system) WordStar from the CP/M operating system  to MS/PC DOS,  the by-now-famous operating system introduced by MicroSoft and  Bill Gates  in 1981. The 3.0 version of WordStar for DOS was released in 1982. Within three years, WordStar was the most popular word processing software in the world. However, by the late 1980s, programs like WordPerfect knocked Wordstar out of the word processing market after the poor performance of WordStar 2000. Said Rubenstein about what happened: In the early days, the size of the market was more promise than reality...WordStar was a tremendous learning experience. I didnt know all that much about the world of big business. Influence of WordStar Still, communications as we know it today, in which everyone is for all intents and purposes their own publisher, would not exist had WordStar not pioneered the industry. Even then,  Arthur C. Clarke, the famous science-fiction writer, seemed to know its importance.  Upon meeting Rubenstein and Barnaby, he said: I am happy to greet the geniuses who made me a born-again writer, having announced my retirement in 1978, I now have six books in the works and two [probables], all through WordStar.

Free Essays on Mass Media And Politics

media in politics Media The media play an important role in American politics. It is the job of the media to keep citizens informed and to help shape their opinion’s on issues of the day. Reporters, however, look at reporting in different ways. Reporters like Michael Lewis report on what interest them. In â€Å"Trail Fever†, he finds himself attached to Senator John McCain of Arizona as he follows him on his 1996 Presidential campaign. In â€Å"A Time of Change†, New York Times editor Harrison Salisbury looks back on two heavily publicized political events of the 1960’s, the Kennedy assassination and the1968 Democratic National Convention. Salisbury’s tenure as editor â€Å"qualifies him to critique† the coverage of great events. Paul Glastris, on the other hand, discusses why certain political events, like Al Gore’s National Performance Review (NPR), do not get much media attention. All three articles show how the media is affected by what transpires in A merican politics, and in some instances how it affects those who report on them. In â€Å"Trail Fever,† Michael Lewis follows the Presidential election of 1996. He was uninspired by the two favorites, Senator Bob Dole from Kansas and President Bill Clinton. Lewis along the way ran into Senator John McCain from Arizona who was seeking the Republican Presidential nomination. Lewis was impressed by McCain’s strait forwardness. Lewis find McCain to be an honest man among many people who are not always telling the truth. Lewis questioned himself, â€Å"I know well enough how to interview someone who shades the truth . . . But I don’t know how to interview an honest man who occupies high political office (512). Lewis not only questions himself on who to do his job, but McCain gets in him enough that Lewis actually questions his own political affiliation. â€Å"The loner I hang around McCain the harder it is to fight the feeling that just maybe I’m Republican† (514). Eventua... Free Essays on Mass Media And Politics Free Essays on Mass Media And Politics media in politics Media The media play an important role in American politics. It is the job of the media to keep citizens informed and to help shape their opinion’s on issues of the day. Reporters, however, look at reporting in different ways. Reporters like Michael Lewis report on what interest them. In â€Å"Trail Fever†, he finds himself attached to Senator John McCain of Arizona as he follows him on his 1996 Presidential campaign. In â€Å"A Time of Change†, New York Times editor Harrison Salisbury looks back on two heavily publicized political events of the 1960’s, the Kennedy assassination and the1968 Democratic National Convention. Salisbury’s tenure as editor â€Å"qualifies him to critique† the coverage of great events. Paul Glastris, on the other hand, discusses why certain political events, like Al Gore’s National Performance Review (NPR), do not get much media attention. All three articles show how the media is affected by what transpires in A merican politics, and in some instances how it affects those who report on them. In â€Å"Trail Fever,† Michael Lewis follows the Presidential election of 1996. He was uninspired by the two favorites, Senator Bob Dole from Kansas and President Bill Clinton. Lewis along the way ran into Senator John McCain from Arizona who was seeking the Republican Presidential nomination. Lewis was impressed by McCain’s strait forwardness. Lewis find McCain to be an honest man among many people who are not always telling the truth. Lewis questioned himself, â€Å"I know well enough how to interview someone who shades the truth . . . But I don’t know how to interview an honest man who occupies high political office (512). Lewis not only questions himself on who to do his job, but McCain gets in him enough that Lewis actually questions his own political affiliation. â€Å"The loner I hang around McCain the harder it is to fight the feeling that just maybe I’m Republican† (514). Eventua...

Multiple Choice Tests Strategies for Students

Multiple Choice Tests Strategies for Students Multiple choice tests are one of the most popular forms of assessment utilized by classroom teachers. They are easy for teachers to construct and score. Mastering multiple choice exams are one part mastery of content and one part skillful test taking. The following multiple choice tests strategies will help students improve their scores on a multiple choice assessment. These strategies are designed to increase the chances of a students answer being correct. Making it a habit of using each of these strategies on a multiple choice test will make you a better test taker. Read the question at least two times before you look at the answer. Then read the answer choices at least two times. Finally, re-read the question one more time.Always cover up the possible responses with a piece of paper or with your hand while you read the stem or body of the question. Then, come up with the answer in your head before looking at the possible answers, this way the choices given on the test wont throw you off or trick you.Eliminate answers you know arent right. Every answer you can eliminate increases your odds of getting the question correct.Slow down! Read all the choices before choosing your answer. Do not assume that the first answer is correct. Finish reading all the other choices, because while the first may fit, a latter one may be the better, more correct answer.If there is no guessing penalty, always take an educated guess and select an answer. Never leave an answer blank.Do not keep on changing your answer; usually your first choice is the correct one unles s you misread the question. In All of the above and None of the above choices, if you are certain one of the statements is true do not choose None of the above or one of the statements are false do not choose All of the above.In a question with an All of the above choice, if you see that at least two correct statements, then All of the above will be the correct answer choice.Tone can matter. A positive answer choice is more likely to be correct over a negative answer choice.Wordiness is a good indicator. Usually, the correct answer is the choice with the most information.If all else fails, choose response (b) or (c). Many instructors subconsciously feel that the correct answer is hidden better if it is surrounded by distractors. Response (a) is usually least likely to be the correct one.Stay within the lines. Be sure that you have filled the appropriate bubbles carefully WITH A #2 PENCIL. Be sure that there are no stray marks.Take the time to check your work before you hand in the answer sheet. On a timed test, utilize every second of time that you have to go over your answer choices as much as possible. On an untimed test, check over everything multiple times.

The Wright Brothers Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Wright Brothers - Research Paper Example Before they developed the first aero plane, they had a shop with bicycles, motors and printing press in Dayton, Ohio (Palamana, 20). Their bicycle work greatly influenced their discovery as they learnt with time that an unstable object could be controlled with practice (Fred, 109). They were so enthusiastic about photography and it soon became an important part of their new discovery. Their new portable cameras enabled them to learn from the mistakes they made and also it was used as proof of their eventual success (Wright, 223). Their achievement was basically both artistic and technological bearing in mind that the artists were among the first ones to celebrate their discovery (Gavin, 73). Soon after, they found out that their invention was not warmly received in their home country and they set off for Europe in 1908. While in France, they encountered a more willing society and they consequently enjoyed celebrity lifestyle which included constantly being hosted by the royals, state presidents and the press (Gaffney, 220). They could also sell their aero planes to other European nations before returning to the United States in 1909. To date, the Wright brothers are credited as the pioneers and inventors of the first successful airplane and the first powered and sustained heavier than air human flight (James,

Classroom Assessment Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Classroom Assessment - Research Paper Example There are five types of teacher made tests available, the first is the Multiple Choice Type. The test consists of items, which posses three or more plausible answer options available. This test is one of the best forms of testing. The test is objective and flexible a, therefore, preferred for that. â€Å"Multiple-choice items are the most popular, most flexible, and most widely used of the traditional items† (Catherine, 2005, p. 192). This test is applicable in the test of vocabulary, interpretation of graphs, relationship, formulas, and tables, reading comprehension and drawing inferences from a set of data. The second type is an analogy. It consists of items of a pair of terms, which relates to one another. The designation is to evaluate the ability of the children to match the pair in the relationship between the first groups to the second one. The relationship between the two groups may be according to cause and effect or purpose (John, 2005). The third type is the rearran gement type, which consists of multiple options and requires logical or chronological rank. The fifth type is the matching type, which has two columns in which correct observation of two related things. The task here is matching the first column with column two. It has two types that include the balanced and the unbalanced. The balanced type has an equal number on both sides while the latter consist of a large number of items on one side. â€Å"If students can figure out the answer to an item or question because of clues in the item or the test or because of problematic item formats, then you will not know what students truly understand† (Catherine, 2005, p. 191). Objectives and goals At the completion of the class, the child among other things should be able to describe the life cycle of animals, which is from birth all the way to death including reproduction. The child should also be in a position to compare life cycles of different animals. The child will also learn about the weather its changes and the effects on the environment and the tools used in the measurement of the weather. The next objective of the subject will be to enable the child to develop an understanding of the three states of matter and the changes in the states because of heating and cooling. The other goal of the lesson includes the concept of sound, its production transmission, and a change in frequency. In essence, the children should have acquired knowledge on the life cycles of animals, the animals’ habitats, and what they eat. The children should also be conversant with the basic elements of the environment, which include matter. Lesson plan Topic one: physical science Solid classification on terms of the materials used to make them, classification of liquids using their physical appearance and describing the observable properties of liquids. This also includes the identification of substances in solid mixtures, and ways of separating them. Show how moving objects exhi bit different types of motion. Predict effects of a magnet on other objects. Differentiate the various pitches of sound. Topic two: life science The children should learn the classification of plants according to their differences and similarities, to classify human beings and animals according to their differences and similarities. Description of the plant life cycles especially flowering plants. The children sho

Basic Video Streaming Problems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Basic Video Streaming Problems - Essay Example However, there are several drawbacks related to the concept of video streaming. Video streaming has its limitations on the internet because internet does not give any surety of any fixed bandwidth, delay or packet loss. It works on a â€Å"best effort service† (Apostolopoulos et al. 2002). These are considered to be variable factors that change with respect to the quality of internet connection. There have been many researches carried out over the years to induce more reliability and consistency in video streaming. These three issues are discussed in detail: As stated earlier, the bandwidth between two nodes is variable and might not be known. This variability causes problems in the traffic flow from one point to the other (Wu et al. 2001). If the sender sends data at a rate which is faster than the available bandwidth then congestion and low quality streaming is resulted. On the contrary, if the sender sends data at a rate which is slower than the available bandwidth then the receiver decodes a sub-optimal video quality (Apostolopoulos et al. 2002). A strategy to overcome this problem is to ensure a bandwidth that is acceptable to both the nodes; this can be done by estimating the available bandwidth and striking a balance between the estimated bandwidth and video bit rate transferred over the link. The degree of this issue varies from packet to packet. The variation in the delay of every packet depends on its respective queues on different routers. If there exist some variations in the end-to-end delays then it is known as delay jitter (Apostolopoulos et al. 2002). The main reason behind this problem lies in the fact that the receiver is designed to decode and thus display frames at a certain rate. Some frames may arrive at the receiver late due to this delay jitter; this can create a problem at the receiver because he is programmed to decode the frames at a certain rate. These late frames will cause jerks in the display of

Family Relationships Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Family Relationships - Essay Example Willy the protagonist is discussed to depict how his self deception and disillusionment have affected his family. He represents the dysfunctional family. Miller has designed a family, which is stretched to breaking point by pressures of a speedily varying environment. The way they relate among themselves determines their identity, what they aspire to be and their inability to reconcile the two. Strangely, his fixation with the exterior traits of charm and likeability is at probability with a grittier, more gratifying considerate of the American dream which recognizes the hard work without complaint as the key to success (1.243). The Loman family is based on false values that distort the American dream and Lead to an existence of a dysfunctional family. Willy’s life is symbolic of many family relationships. Miller depicts him as a salesperson but does not specify which products Willy deals with. This is so because Willy is nobody in particular but a representative of everyone i n society. Relationship between Willy and Linda The relationship of Willy and his wife Linda is not the most ideal of relationships. Linda seems to be more sensitive than her husband in viewing life challenges. Linda is loyal and devoted to her husband, but Willy succumbs to temptations and cheats on her. She tries hard to protect her husband but ends up causing him more harm than Help. It is because of her ineffective attempt to protect Willy that she allows his death. She neglects Willy as seen when he brags about the grosshe had in Boston and providence. As Linda calculates his commission but she does not confront him (2.188). Relationship between Willy and His Children Willy enjoyed a health and exciting relationship in the past with his sons but later on, the relationship deteriorates tremendously because of his lies and neglect of family. The father and child affiliation between Willy and his son Biff is edgy.this starts from an incident that happened years ago, when Biff disc overed him in a hotel room with a woman, which made Biff lose respect for his father. Biff and his father collide when biff seeks assistance from his father. Wily appears have been in an affair in a hotel room. When Biff shows up to see if his father will help him and finds another woman in his father’s room, his world is crashed, he feels destroyed and betrayed’ Biff is hurt and disappointed in his father’s infidelity that he chooses to leave schooling without graduating from college. In the incident, Willy becomes defensive and tries to convince Biff in vain that, nothing happened but it makes nothing better. In some way, Willy’s lies destroys Biffs’ future, as from then on Biff always changes jobs, but finds no success in any. Linda and Happy are not aware, and they do not understand the rift between them. This causes a further wedge in the family relationships. Another rift that strains the affiliation amid Biff and his father occurs because bi ff blames his father for the superiority complex he instilled in them while they were young. He tells his father that because he made him full of himself, it became had for him to take orders from others. Conversely, the rapport between Happy and father is neither badly off nor much better. In Willy’s life Happy has always been second in his affection. He constantly praises Biff before Happy and this seriously Affects Happy life and his family

Using Power and Influence to Get a Promotion Research Paper

Using Power and Influence to Get a Promotion - Research Paper Example Case in point is a person who has been working as a fiber optic network technician for the past 13 years in the organization and feels ready and qualified to take the next step into a management role. Having the requisite work experience, background, education and passion, it does not make sense why the person has not been promoted yet. An interview reveals: â€Å"My education has given me the tools & skills to work as an effective manager. Given the company’s organizational structure it is very difficult to move up without relocating, but not impossible. Relocating is not an option for me. The company typically will not allow someone to supervise current peers†. This case shows an instance in the organization where a qualified person is facing a ceiling towards their steady career progression, with no obvious means at their disposal to help the situation. This raises the question of whether it is possible to utilize power and influence within the organization to get the promotion without having to relocate. Despite having appropriate work experience and education in the field to be able to take on a management role at the company, a person is overlooked for promotion based on the inability of the person to relocate. Without the option of relocating, there are very limited chances of getting a promotion. Is it possible to use power and influence to get a promotion in the company without relocating? Having power and influence in an organization means having access to more information, having control and influence over peers and subordinates and having a say in the decision making process. This power wielding can be done formally or informally. Therefore, power is in a way a product of ability and willingness to control other persons, important information and ‘instrumentalities’ (Mechanic 1962). To attain power, one must not only have the knowledge and the deep

Wikileaks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Wikileaks - Essay Example The documents that were leaked by Wikileaks regarding the operations in Afghanistan has not only risked future operations against terrorism, but also served to expose the military still serving in different countries such Iraq and Afghanistan where terrorist threat emanates, at a greater risk (Galrahn, 2010). Thus, what Wikileaks has been doing in relation to matters security and military operations is akin to aiding international terrorism, as well as the enemies of the USA. International terrorism has defined as the activities that endanger human life, while also influencing the policies of the government through either coercion or intimidation (Marcel & Gregor, 2010 p2). In respect to what Wikileaks has been doing, there is no doubt that its activities amount to some form of aiding terrorism, since it is endangering both human lives, as well as intimidating the government, through portraying its military operations as either dehumanizing or bungled. Therefore, there could be no missing of words, when saying that Wikileaks completely endangers the success of international war on terrorism. Wikileaks is essentially threatening the genuine national security interest, which in turn is a way of assisting the wider terrorism community. While the actions of Wikileaks might seem to be within the law, and thus protected by the privileges of the First Amendment of the USA constitution, there seem to lack some sense of security responsibility in their actions (Abrams & Benkler, 2013 n.p.). While terrorism has evolved and become more salient in the modern day, there is nothing as helpful to the terrorists, as the information that Wikileaks has been releasing, oblivious of the damage it might do to the nation. Therefore, the most disturbing thing about the Wikileaks’ activities is the mission it has. While doing all this, one still wonders whether Wikileaks is aware of its ability to influence and aid international terrorism (Philipp, 2012 n.p.).

Family Relationships Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Family Relationships - Essay Example Willy the protagonist is discussed to depict how his self deception and disillusionment have affected his family. He represents the dysfunctional family. Miller has designed a family, which is stretched to breaking point by pressures of a speedily varying environment. The way they relate among themselves determines their identity, what they aspire to be and their inability to reconcile the two. Strangely, his fixation with the exterior traits of charm and likeability is at probability with a grittier, more gratifying considerate of the American dream which recognizes the hard work without complaint as the key to success (1.243). The Loman family is based on false values that distort the American dream and Lead to an existence of a dysfunctional family. Willy’s life is symbolic of many family relationships. Miller depicts him as a salesperson but does not specify which products Willy deals with. This is so because Willy is nobody in particular but a representative of everyone i n society. Relationship between Willy and Linda The relationship of Willy and his wife Linda is not the most ideal of relationships. Linda seems to be more sensitive than her husband in viewing life challenges. Linda is loyal and devoted to her husband, but Willy succumbs to temptations and cheats on her. She tries hard to protect her husband but ends up causing him more harm than Help. It is because of her ineffective attempt to protect Willy that she allows his death. She neglects Willy as seen when he brags about the grosshe had in Boston and providence. As Linda calculates his commission but she does not confront him (2.188). Relationship between Willy and His Children Willy enjoyed a health and exciting relationship in the past with his sons but later on, the relationship deteriorates tremendously because of his lies and neglect of family. The father and child affiliation between Willy and his son Biff is edgy.this starts from an incident that happened years ago, when Biff disc overed him in a hotel room with a woman, which made Biff lose respect for his father. Biff and his father collide when biff seeks assistance from his father. Wily appears have been in an affair in a hotel room. When Biff shows up to see if his father will help him and finds another woman in his father’s room, his world is crashed, he feels destroyed and betrayed’ Biff is hurt and disappointed in his father’s infidelity that he chooses to leave schooling without graduating from college. In the incident, Willy becomes defensive and tries to convince Biff in vain that, nothing happened but it makes nothing better. In some way, Willy’s lies destroys Biffs’ future, as from then on Biff always changes jobs, but finds no success in any. Linda and Happy are not aware, and they do not understand the rift between them. This causes a further wedge in the family relationships. Another rift that strains the affiliation amid Biff and his father occurs because bi ff blames his father for the superiority complex he instilled in them while they were young. He tells his father that because he made him full of himself, it became had for him to take orders from others. Conversely, the rapport between Happy and father is neither badly off nor much better. In Willy’s life Happy has always been second in his affection. He constantly praises Biff before Happy and this seriously Affects Happy life and his family

Wikileaks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Wikileaks - Essay Example The documents that were leaked by Wikileaks regarding the operations in Afghanistan has not only risked future operations against terrorism, but also served to expose the military still serving in different countries such Iraq and Afghanistan where terrorist threat emanates, at a greater risk (Galrahn, 2010). Thus, what Wikileaks has been doing in relation to matters security and military operations is akin to aiding international terrorism, as well as the enemies of the USA. International terrorism has defined as the activities that endanger human life, while also influencing the policies of the government through either coercion or intimidation (Marcel & Gregor, 2010 p2). In respect to what Wikileaks has been doing, there is no doubt that its activities amount to some form of aiding terrorism, since it is endangering both human lives, as well as intimidating the government, through portraying its military operations as either dehumanizing or bungled. Therefore, there could be no missing of words, when saying that Wikileaks completely endangers the success of international war on terrorism. Wikileaks is essentially threatening the genuine national security interest, which in turn is a way of assisting the wider terrorism community. While the actions of Wikileaks might seem to be within the law, and thus protected by the privileges of the First Amendment of the USA constitution, there seem to lack some sense of security responsibility in their actions (Abrams & Benkler, 2013 n.p.). While terrorism has evolved and become more salient in the modern day, there is nothing as helpful to the terrorists, as the information that Wikileaks has been releasing, oblivious of the damage it might do to the nation. Therefore, the most disturbing thing about the Wikileaks’ activities is the mission it has. While doing all this, one still wonders whether Wikileaks is aware of its ability to influence and aid international terrorism (Philipp, 2012 n.p.).

Cases in Financial Management Essay Example for Free

Cases in Financial Management Essay Case Synopsis Founded in 1984 Laurentian Bakeries Inc. operates in the industry of manufacturing a vast variety of frozen baked products within their three operating plants in Montreal, Winnipeg and Toronto. The operating plants produce items such as frozen pizza in Winnipeg, MB, pies in Montreal, QC and Cakes in Toronto, ON- with each representing 30%, 30% and 40% of the total revenue stream respectively. The buyers for this company include large institutional clients such domino’s pizza, etc. which have a significantly higher level of power whereas the seller of the products consists of several food producers which have a relatively low level of power. With the cost of setting up a plant of this scale being high, substitute products will also remain high in the market causing the overall profit margin to be low. With the company’s ongoing effort for continuous improvement Danielle Knowles (VP of operations) proposed to expand one of the operating plants in Winnipeg-which was based on the opportunity if the company expanded into the U.S. market. Statement The statement of the problem is how Danielle Knowles will prepare a capital project expenditure proposal to expand the company’s frozen pizza plant in Winnipeg; which is consistent and in line with the company’s capital allocation policy. The proposal should also satisfy the company’s continuous effort for improvement, identification of lost opportunities, satisfaction of HR and environmental impacts and provide sufficient ROI. Situational Analysis The strengths of the company are clearly visible through the company’s effective operations and reputable image in the industry. Being one of the top five in the industry, Laurentian Bakeries has established themselves as a dominant player in the market; however, with a shortage in capacity it can  potentially overpower the strengths due to its negative impact on the company. This includes a decrease in sales and potential decreases in retailer support. Nevertheless, with the acknowledgement of a capacity shortage and an opportunity to expand and grow in the U.S. market the company seems to be in good standing. Moving aside to a different area amongst the competition, all the products are similar which indicate there is heavy competition. The presence of numerous suppliers makes this industry highly competitive, as a result, there is high aggression amongst competitors. This is a leading factor that indicates this is not an attractive business to be in. SWOT ANALYSIS Strengths * Danielle Knowles has experience in the food industry for 13 years. This is a great benefit for the company, because she is able to use her knowledge and experience and apply it for Laurentian Bakeries in order to improve operations or even avoid errors. This in return can potentially save the company from incurring additional expenses. * Danielle has her Master’s in Business Administration which indicates that she is educated and has the credentials to maintain her position as the VP of operations. Also, Danielle is able to use that knowledge and apply it to everyday operations of the company. * Laurentian has above average consideration for human resource and environmental impacts. This benefits the company to the extent that it creates a public awareness which shows their commitment to the community which in return can potentially be used as a marketing tool to attract more sales. * Laurentian company is one of the five large firms that produce frozen foods dominating 21% of the market. This indicates that they are a dominant player in the market and have survived many difficulties from various competitions. * Well established and profitable company which indicates that they have survived one full economic cycle and have withstood their competition. * The company has a diversified revenue stream with three operating plants located in major cities which are not as risky as a single revenue stream. * All three segments are profitable. * Low cost pizza producer which is helping to expand into the US. Market. * Laurentian Bakeries has an integrated workforce such as sales, marketing, etc. for all of their operating plants. Weakness * Shortage of capacity. If this weakness is not dealt with the company can face losses in their sales because of the shortage. This in return lowers the overall profit of the company and can potentially decrease buyers if they cannot meet the demand due to the shortage. * Class 1 products are too risky and by taking such a great risk any wrong doing can have a negative impact on the company. Opportunities * Arrangement to supply large U.S. based grocery chain with private label brand. If the opportunity is taken to its advantage the company can potentially see higher figures in sales and profits. * Since U.S. pizza consumption is 3x bigger than the Canadian segment the overall US market is bigger which can potentially lead to a higher market share. * Within N.A. the economy is recovering modestly and is expected to grow. This indicates that consumer spending on discretionary items such as food products will remain strong. Threats * Inflation is forecasted to remain between 3-5%. This may cause interest rates to rise causing the cost of capital to increase higher than its current level. Capital projects such as expansion may suffer. * North American growth rate of gross domestic product slowed down which may lower the company sales. * Threat of new entrants will increase competition and is always a factor that makes the sales aggressive. * Health Conscious consumers will potentially affect sales due to the products offered by Laurentian Bakeries are considered â€Å"unhealthy.† With on-going health awareness the products offered by Laurentian Bakeries might not meet the changing demand of consumers. Porter’s Five Forces Buyer’s Power * Mixed Power. * There are two types of buyers: large institutional buyers such as  domino’s pizza pizza pizza as well as large retailers. Thousands of smaller clients have less power because of their current low clientele base. Supplier Power * Low Power. * Pizza suppliers distribute production to pizza stores, restaurants and grocery chain stores. Since there are numerous suppliers in the market for ingredients such as cheese, flour, vegetables, etc. they have low power. Barriers to Entrant * High * Due to high capital costs, skilled workforces, environmental regulations, high distribution channels, entry into this industry is high. Threat of Substitute * High * The products offered by Laurentian such as their Pizza can be made at home or even purchased fresh from fast food restaurants. Also they can easily be substituted for other products such as calzone, sandwiches, tacos, etc. Competition * High * There is high competition for the items offered by Laurentian Bakers. Competition for their pizza baked items can easily be substituted through franchised restaurants such as Pizza Pizza, Boston Pizza, Pizza Hut, etc. also competition is high through other companies offering the same goods. In addition, this company is also competing against other food products rather than frozen pizza alone. Financial Analysis Financial Summary: Laurentian Bakeries is seeing a cash increase from $6.2 million in 1993 to almost double its value of $13.1 million in 1995. At the same time long term debt for the company has increased by $7.23 million which indicated that Laurentian Bakeries is funded by its long term debt and has not utilized its cash and therefore has incurred additional interest expenses. Moving over to the sales figures, Laurentian Bakeries has seen an increase of 11% from 1993-95; however, net income is flat which indicates that their COGS and operating expenses have also risen almost at the same pace as sales. This setback has no advantage to the shareholders. Alternatives 1. Continue original plans to continue expansion in Winnipeg. 2. Build a plant in U.S. to cater to that market. 3. Buy an existing plant. 4. Expand the Toronto plant as it is the strongest plant for the company. Recommendations By carefully analyzing all the alternatives, we recommend alternative one as the best fit solution to this company due to it being most practical at the company’s current situation. We strongly believe that continuing original plans to expand in Winnipeg is the beneficial solution for the company as they already produce the same type of products and have the additional land to carry forward the expansion, because this plant is a low cost producer and is ideal to utilize the U.S private label sector. In addition, this alternative is beneficial because it is consistent with the company’s overall objectives. Given the discount rate of 18% and a $5.2 million capital investment the NPV of the expected cash flow is positive. Moreover, recommendation one is the best suited for this company because: * There is land readily available in Winnipeg. This can save the company some money in terms of the expansion because these will incur less of an expense due to Laurentian owning the extra land space. * Building a plant in U.S. will require a lot of capital, additional expenses for hiring, training, etc., and potential change in production, management or other techniques due to different regulations in U.S. * Expanding in Toronto will also require additional capital and additional time to hire and train the workforce to produce the pizza products which aren’t produced in the Toronto facility.

Importance of Interviewee Nonverbal Behavior

Importance of Interviewee Nonverbal Behavior The Importance Of Interviewee Nonverbal Behaviours In The Interview Process In Vietnam Table of Contents I. Introduction: II. Literature Review: III. Methodology: IV. Data Sampling: V. Appendix/References: I. Introduction: Research problem: The model 7:38:55 is well-known for its emphasis on nonverbal behaviours. It suggests that verbal behaviours only contribute up to 7% the effectiveness in communication (Mehrabian, 1972). According to Mehrabian, there are three elements which account for our liking for the person expressing their feelings: + Words: 7% + Tone of Voice: 38% + Body Language: 55% The model has received criticism ever since: It is not applicable due to its theoretical approach, combining two different studies and excluding negative emotions, men, other forms of nonverbal communication. As a result, Mehrabian’s model still remains a controversy within experts. Nowadays it is often regarded as ‘the myth of nonverbal communication’. However, undeniably, nonverbal communication plays an important role in our society. In human resource management, the interview process is considerably critical. Since the 70s, there have been various studies about the effects of interviewee nonverbal behaviours on interviewee performance. However, none has been able to clarify this problem. In Vietnam, there has not been any research or article about this area. Therefore, in this research, we will attempt, for the first time, to examine interviewee performance and the importance of interviewee nonverbal behaviours in the interview process in Vietnam. Research objective: + Determine the effects of interviewees’ nonverbal behaviours on their performance. + Identify critical nonverbal behaviours. Research questions: + How can interviewees’ nonverbal behaviours influence the interview decision outcomes? II. Literature Review: Key concepts: Nonverbal behaviour: â€Å"Nonverbal behaviour includes behaviour that might be emitted without the awareness of the encoder (the one conveying the information)† (M.L. Knapp and J. A. Hall, 2005) Theories: There have been numerous theories about nonverbal behaviour or communication. However, most of them have yet to be proven exactly true. Despite that fact, they have been of significant help for researchers since then. + Semiotics + Nonverbal Code Systems + Proxemics + Kinesics All these theories pointed out that, in one way or another, nonverbal behaviour affects human interaction in daily life without us realizing it. Hence it is most important for us to study nonverbal behaviour in order to improve our interaction. The theoretical model of interviewee performance proposed by Huffcutt, Iddekinge and Roth (2011) has helped us construct our own conceptual framework. Their study on interviewee performance has suggested that interviewee performance consists of several variables, forming different sets of factors which may involve behaviours of both the interviewee and interviewer. This recently-constructed model has been of great help for us to examine the effect of interviewee nonverbal behaviours. Empirical review: Conceptual framework: Based on the theoretical model presented by Huffcutt, Iddekinge and Roth (2011), we have created our own conceptual framework by sorting out the irrelevant factors, not concerning nonverbal behaviours, and modifying the remaining sets of factors. This framework explains how interviewee performance reflects his or her nonverbal behaviours through three different elements: interviewee characteristics, interviewee state and interviewer-interviewee dynamics. + Interviewee Characteristics may affect the interviewee nonverbal behaviour, hence his or her performance. For example, apparently, Asian men and European men have significantly different understandings about nonverbal behaviours. + Interviewee State can reflect his or her true intentions, feelings and thoughts. Fortunately, it is quite easy to observe one’s behaviours and figure out their state. Invariably, the eyes, arms and legs are considerably informative about our feelings and thoughts. + Interviewer – Interviewee Dynamics refers to the interrelationship between interviewer and interviewee. This is one of the most important set of factors as the interaction between interviewer and interviewee can significantly enhance or worsen interviewee performance. For instance, when the interviewee nonverbal behaviours match with those of the interviewer, this means that they are attracted to each other. III. Methodology: Qualitative From the 70s to the 90s, researchs about nonverbal behaviours mainly focused on quantitative method as the researchers thought that with exact and accurate numbers, they could have been able to shed light on ‘the myth of nonverbal communication’. It was not as effective as they thought. Since 2000, qualitative method has replaced quantitative as the critical method for this area due to its in-depth and detailed findings, highly-focused on the problem. Presumably, it is reasonable for us to use qualitative method in this study. For the qualitative method, we need to collect data from the interview process, preferably videotaped interviews from certain companies, regarding: + How accurately can interviewer identify interviewee nonverbal behaviours? + How can interviewer rate interviewee nonverbal behaviours? Specifically what are the most important nonverbal behaviours that the interviewee needs to possess or display? Consequently, the relationship between these nonverbal behaviours and the three elements mentioned above are examined to identify the effects of interviewee nonverbal behaviours on interviewee performance. Data analysis method: We intend to use inductive approach as it is very common and effective in qualitative method. In addition, this might be the first research ever in Vietnam about this problem. Hence inductive approach is most suitable for our research. IV. Data Sampling: Primary and Secondary Data Data Collection Method: + Interview + Focus group + Observation Sampling: In order to acquire more accurate data, we agree to collect data from the interview process in several human resource companies in Vietnam, such as: + Talentnet + RGF HR Agent Vietnam + Faro Recruitment Vietnam + Kosaido HR Vietnam + HR2B + JSC + NIC + Le Associates + Manpower Group ­Ã‚ ­TM As many researchs since 2000, we expect to use judgment sampling because it might help emphasize the experiences and expertise of the researchers in the research process, which later can contribute to the depth and detail of our findings. V. Appendix/References: M. L. Knapp and J. A. Hall (2005), Nonverbal Communication in Human Interaction (6th Edition), Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. A. Mehrabian (1972), Nonverbal Communication, Aldine Transaction. M. A. Gotcher (1990), Nonverbal Communication In The Job Interview: First Impressions And Nonverbal Immediacy, Texas Tech University, 1990. S. P. Levine and R. S. Feldman (2002), â€Å"Women and Men’s Nonverbal Behaviour and Self-Monitoring in a Job Interview Setting†, Applied Human Resource Management Research, Volume 7, Number 1, 1-14. D. Weinstein (2012), â€Å"The psychology of behaviourally-focused rà ©sumà ©s on applicant selection: Are you hiring managers really hiring the ‘right’ people for the ‘right’ job?†, Business Horizons 55, 53-63. T. V. McGovern and H. E.A. Tinsley (1978), â€Å"Interviewer Evaluations of Interviewee Nonverbal Behaviour.†, Journal of Vocational Behaviour 13, 163-171. A. I. Huffcutt, C. H.V. Iddekinge, P. L. Roth (2011), â€Å"Understanding applicant behaviour in employment interviews: A theoretical model of interviewee performance.†, Human Resource Management Review 21, 353-367.

Lennie And Charlie :: essays research papers

In the novel 'Of Mice and Men', by John Stienbeck, a mentally challenged man, Lennie, loses his innocence and his dream, of owning his own ranch with rabbits, when he accidentally breaks a woman's neck. In the novel 'Flowers or Algernon', by Daniel Keyes, another mentally challenged man, Charlie, loses his innocence and dreams, of being like everyone else, when, through the aid of an operation, realizes people were making fun of him rather than being his friends. Although, in both cases innocence and dreams were the loss, their innocence was also the underlying cause of the loss. Lennie is a very loveable character, who has hope and dreams. He wants to live on a ranch with George and raise rabbits. He looks at his plans as reachable even when it seems impossible because after he kills Curleys wife, Lennie still thinks he can have a ranch and rabbits, with the assurance of George. Although Lennie never reaches his dream, he dies with the thought of achievement. Charlie on the other h and, has dreams of being smart just like everyone else. He tries very hard in school and when offered the chance of having an operation to make him 'smart', he jumps at the opportunity. Although his teacher influences him, she had little impact. Unlike Lennie, Charlie reaches his dream but ends up broken hearted when his dream doesn't last. Lennie had a soft spot for petting animals and soft things. He is totally oblivious to the fact that he hurts almost every thing he touches. He had pet mice and ended up killing them and when he played with the 'pup' he ended up killing it too. His uncontrolled strength also caused him to kill Curley's wife. "Lennie's fingers fell to stroking her hair... he stroked harder... "Let go!" she cried... She struggled violently... and then she was still; for Lennie had broken her neck." (Page 91). With the death of Curley's wife, Lennie's innocence was taken. He had unwillingly killed. He had to pay the price, by losing his life. Charlie lived in a paradise-like world, he though he had many "friends". The only thing he felt he was missing was brains. When he was offered the chance to become 'smart' he jumped at the chance to be like everyone else. Unprepared for the changes intelligence would bring, Charlie lost his innocence. When he realizes his 'friends' don't actually like him they just liked to make fun of him.

Gender Relations in A Doll’s House and How Did I Miss You? Essay

Gender Relations refers to the power relations between men and women. Under patriarchal society, men and women do not stand on an equal ground, men shows superiority and women have lower status than men. Under patriarchal values, men possess higher status and act a dominant role, women are obliged to live according to their gendered roles, to be submissive. This notion of gender relations is like a culture, it affects how men and women interact and perceive one another, it also propagates though interactions between men and women. The imbalanced power relations between men and women can be found in a lot of Western and Chinese writings. A Doll’s House is a play written by Henrik Ibsen. In A Doll’s House, Henirk Ibsen presents the female protagonist, Nora, as a conventional woman living in a patriarchal society. Nora had to follow the rules and customs. She always had to mask her unconventional traits in front of her husband. Through the interaction between Nora and Torvald, the imbalanced power relations between men and women is shown. Torvald had more rights than Nora, and he just treated Nora as a possession of him. For Nora, she had to mask herself to accommodate to the patriarchal society. Finally she transformed into a New Women, breakthrough the patriarchal values and leave the confinement to search for her self. Through A Doll’s House, Ibsen criticizes the patriarchal values that society accepts. For How Did I Miss You, Zhang Xinxin presents the imbalanced power relations between men and women through the nameless female protagonist and male protagonist. They both symbolize the many men and women who lived in China during the Cultural Revolution. In the story, the female protagonist tried hard to pursue equal status wit... ...ates to men. To become an real individual, a woman has to leave her gendered role and seek her own life. It would be a difficult time for women. Henrik Ibsen thus reminds society of the imbalanced power relations and society should solve the problem. For How Did I Miss You, Zhang Xinxin presents the imbalance of power between female and male sex in China. The female protagonist acts as a mirror of millions of female in China. She suffers due to her unconventional traits and through How Did I Miss You, Zhang Xinxin depicts the difficult process of a woman to pursue an equal status with men. Works Cited Henrik Ibsen. Four Major Plays. Trans. James McFarlane and Jens Arup. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1981. Tam, K.K., Yip, Terry S.H., and Dissanayake, Wmal, eds. A place of one's own : stories of self in China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore. New York: Oxford UP, 1999.

American Civil War Essay

The founding father most concerned with free speech and free religious exercise was Thomas Jefferson, who had already implemented several similar protections in the constitution of his home state of Virginia. It was Jefferson who ultimately persuaded James Madison to propose the Bill of Rights, and the First Amendment was Jefferson’s top priority. The First Amendment states: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. It is the bedrock of the Bill of Rights, the first ten amendments of the Constitution that define the basic rights of all who live in the United States. It changed the way we were able to live our lives and protect our nation. Our Constitution is one of the only lasting ones in history. This amendment has been successful because it is meant to protect our citizenship from tyranny or any violations of our freedom. This is the first and important amendment because it addresses our rights and freedoms as human beings first. It has helped, along with checks and balances, federalism, other amendments, to keep America for and by the people. We have not changed this amendment even to today, but abided by it. Immigrants have come to our country for generations seeking these very things: freedom of religion, speech, etc. The 16th amendment is an important amendment that allows the federal government to collect an income tax from all Americans. Income tax allows for the federal government to keep an army, build roads and bridges, enforce laws and carry out other important duties. The federal government realized in 1913 that in order for it to collect taxes effectively, and not have to share that tax money with the states, federal income tax was necessary. There was an income tax before the 16th amendment, and it was in effect during the Civil War. This income tax ended in 1866. The desire of Americans to pass an income tax on the rich was strong in 1909, when President William Taft proposed a 2% of big businesses know as corporations. Following this lead, Congress wrote the 16th amendment and after agreeing on the rules of the amendment about income tax, sent to the states to be voted on. Although many northern states did not like the idea of an income tax in the 16th amendment, western states strongly supported it. For the amendment to become part of the constitution, 36 states needed to approve it. The 36th state to approve the 16th amendment was Delaware in 1931, almost four years after the first state, Alabama, ratified the 16th amendment in 1909. The 16th amendment became part of the constitution after it was ratified and since then the federal government has collected taxes from Americans every year on their income. 16th amendment affects us very much. For those who pay income taxes, the pay most of it to the Federal government. And most of our government’s money comes from these income taxes. If it were not for the 16th Amendment, we would have a dramatically different system of taxation, or the government would be essentially unable to function in any way similar to the way it does now. There would be no social security or Medicare. We would not have been able to intervene in World War II. We probably would never have come out of the Great Depression unless we had a revolution. In conclusion amendments have changed our government and society. United States was very much influenced by these amendments. If it wasn’t for these amendments the United States wouldn’t be where it is right now. People from all around the world wouldn’t want to live in the United States, if it wasn’t for these amendments.

Dialogue “Healthy Lifestyle” Essay

S – 1st friend O – 2nd friend L – 3rd friend S: Hey? Guys! How are you? O: Oh, hi! I’m fine, thank you. L: Me too. What about you? S: I’m in the green! You know I’ve changed my life in some ways according to an article. Oh, have you read this article? O: Which one do you mean? L: Oh, probably I’ve understood what Sveta is talking about. You mean the article in our university newspaper about a healthy lifestyle. Am I right? S: Absolutely. So have you read it? O: Yes, I saw something last week. L: Yeah, me too. Some time ago. S: So what’s your opinion about it? O: I’ve found rather useful, you know. L: In what way? O: Well, there is a part about planning of the day. Of course, I knew about it’s importance but I had no idea what consequences it could have. L: Oh, yeah, for me it was extremely useful too because I often overwork and don’t sleep enough time and and besides I’m always dog-tired and in the black mood all that can cause diseases of cardiovascular system , diabetes, over-weighting, hypersomnia and insomnia†¦ S: And, of course, neurological problems. It’s very dangerous. So you should plan your day more carefully and sleep enough. I try to go to bed at the sane time every day and not very late. O: So you keep a kind of a timetable? S: It’ s possible to say like that. O: Isn’t it boring? I mean to do every day the same things at the same time? S: Well, I do not do everything in a special unchangeable order but sometimes following the plan help to do work more efficiently. O: There is something in what you’re saying. As you said, Lera, one of the possible disorders of unhealthy sleeping is overweighting. Nowadays it’s very topical problem. More than a billion people in the world suffer from it. This problem is becoming global! L: And this is the reason of the heart diseases,  diabetes, strokes, problems with liver and many others. S: So everyone should keep himself fit with exercises, sport and healthy diet. O: I wonder if you could give me some detailed information about diet. L: Well, first of all you need to eat everything with measure, not overeat. Also you should eat more vegetables and fruit, advisable without thermal processing to save all the vitamins. S: It’s also useful to drink a lot of water during the day and all this will help you to strengthen your immunity, to avoid overweighting and avitaminosis. O: Avitaminosis? L: Yes, it’s lack of vitamins in your organism. It’s fraught with such diseases as scuvy and rachitis. O: I didn’t have the faintest idea how dangerous shortage of vitamins could be! S: It’s said in the article. O: Unfortunately I didn’t have enough time to read it wholly. So probably I missed it. L: By the way, coming back to the ways of preventing overweighting, sport is a very good notion. O: You’re dead right! There is a lot about it in the article and not in vain. It not only keeps you fit and helps you to look good but makes all the systems of your body steady to the stresses which we are exposed to every day. L: I absolutely agree with you. Sport is an essential part of my life and it helps me to be full of energy and to be just in the pink. O: As far as I understood Lera does sport regularly. And what about you, Sveta? S: As for me. I’m not a very sporty person. Of course, I know about the use of doing sport but I’m not very trained and not healthy enough to do it. O: Well, I reckon that you should start with small loading and increase it gradually. But you definitely should do sport. L: By the way, do you do sport, Olya? O: Oh, yeah, I do football. L: Really? Unexpectedly! O: And you? L: As for me, I’ve been playing volleyball for 5 years. S: Oh, very interesting! Did you take part in competitions? L: Yes, our team even took first place in the the competition in our city. S: Oh, that’s phat! L: Well, thank you. It was really wonderful! But now I’d like to ask you  about serious things. I wonder if you could let me know your opinion about various dependences such as smoking, alcoholism and drugs which also are mentioned in the article. O: As for the smoking I’d like to tell you that tobacco is the most used drug in the world. According to the statistics every 6 seconds one person dies because of the tobacco-related disease and every year 5 million people die. S: Oh, it sounds horrible. I didn’t know it. But I’ve known about the big list of diseases it causes connected with cardiovascular system, lungs, gullet, larynx, stomach and so on. L: Yeah, all that’s true. But do you know why people start smoking? O: I’ve read that all the reasons have psychological base. Young people start smoking in an attempt to prove they are a part of an adult world. Adults try to escape from problems by doing this. L: You know, I’ve tried smoking before I became a sportswoman. S: Oh, really? L: Yes, but it was a dog’s age ago. I just had such a company in which people seemed very cool to me and all of them were smoking and I didn’t want to be a black sheep. But fortunately I made a right decision and changed my life. S: Nice to hear that. Besides smoking there is an another huge problem now -it’s alcoholism. In Russia percentage of people who regularly drink alcohol is just enormous. O: Yeah, not only adults but more and more teenagers and even children are becoming involved into this problem. L: And all this leads not only to diseases but to the degradation of people, of the whole nation. But it seems to me that the worst thing is drugs.. Smoking and alcohol provoke disorder in your body but not always and drugs almost always lead to death. S: You know that Russia is on the first place of consumption of heroin. O: No way! It’s terrible! Taking in consideration fact the biggest part of drug-addicts die before thirty and almost no one lives after forty and the spread of AIDS , it’s a frightful tendency. L: Yes, but it should be more regulated by the government I guess. They must toughen control upon the drug traffic. S: I agree with you. Oh, we’ve almost forgot about two more topics. They are not so horrible and wide-spread but also important. I mean anorexia and bulimia. O: As for the first one I suppose it’s caused in general by fashion to be slim and a lot of girls try to get fit and it becomes an obsession. So it’s psychological problem. L: The truth is yourth. Bulimia is also usually caused by the problems with neural system,  various stresses and depression. S: I think it should be propagandized that it’s good to be in a normal weight in order to prevent an imitation to models by the young girls. O: And as for bulimia I’m not sure whether there is a way to prevent it. S: There isn’t actually. Maybe only healthy lifestyle, keeping diet, doing sport will help to avoid stresses and diseases. L: From my point of view you’re right. This article seems to be useful for us and probably for others. O: And we, thinking about health, must remember â€Å"what goes around, comes around†. Let’s keep healthy lifestyle.

Policy Proposal Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Policy Proposal - Research Paper Example When all else fails, the oppressed may take up to armed struggle and attempt to secede from the parent nations and this brings in a long period of conflict marred with wars and fights in which innocent people get killed. During such times, the nation has to bring about a policy that would attempt to assuage the grievances of the minority people and attempt to bring them back in the mainstream politics and make them give up arms (Stavenhagen, 1996). The paper provides a policy that recommends a strategy for conflict resolution in a fictional country called Calendra. The paper is organized as follows: in Chapter 2, a situational analysis is first performed to understand the activities that have occurred and to identify the stakeholders. In Chapter 3, a literature review of implemented policies across the world is provided, that have addressed the same issues. In Chapter 4, a set of policies are recommended for Calendra.. Chapter 5 gives the conclusions and sums up the paper. As given in the case study, an armed conflict has been occurring for the past 18 years in the Western part of the Calendra where the Lathi people have been staying. These people make up 12% of the population and want to secede form the country as they have some severe grievances that have not been met. The dominant ethnic group is the Pugn and this race is which is concentrated in the north and east of the country. The fighting elements of the Lathi are few in numbers and in the 18 years of conflict, their strength has varied from 700 to 10,000. It must also be noted that the total population of Calendra is about 8 million and in the western region where the conflict occurs and where the Lathi are in power, the population of Lathi is about 45%. The Lathi have a number of grievances an the main ones are: that Lathi have been marginalized in the national power structure and the bureaucratic apparatus of the

Behavioural Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Behavioural Finance - Essay Example Fair distribution 8. How can fair distribution of resources be achieved? 9. What factors are to be considered in ensuring fair distribution? 10. How is inequality a challenge in fair distribution? Inclusion criteria Inclusion of the material for literature was based on relevance to the research questions and its relevance to the research topic Exclusion criteria Any material that was deemed irrelevant to the research topic was discarded; the relevance of the material to the research topic was determined by reviews of its title and abstract Relevance of research questions to the topic The view has been taken that a progression through the research questions will provide an in depth overview of the research topic. The research questions have been designed to capture all views of the new economic paradigm and the different aspects of the new economic paradigm that scholar have identified. Despite the limited literature that is available in this area, the research questions have helped t o conduct an exhaustive literature review. Table of contents Abstract 2 Table of contents 5 Introduction 6 Happiness and Well-being 7 Efficient allocation of resources 9 Ecological sustainability 11 Fair distribution 12 Analysis of the literature 13 Conclusion 14 References 15 Introduction The world has for a long time yearned for a change, the people recognise that the social, political and economic conditions in the universe are not at par with the needs of the society. Ancient economists such as Adam Smith in his ‘wealth of nations’ argued that competition would be used to distribute good and services in the world as individuals were taken as rational beings. However, it has been discovered that human beings are not rational... However, despite these advancements, the variation gap between the wealthy and the underprivileged has been rising, both in nation-to-nation comparison and within the countries. Adverse and extreme climatic conditions have increased in frequency and severity and adapting to these changes has now become a reality. Due to the rising population, the demand for natural resources has risen which has led to overexploitation of natural resources and degradation of the environment, food and oil prices have skyrocketed and debt crisis in most countries has reached an alarming levels. This paper will deal with the new economic paradigm and all the perspectives that are associated with it. These trends shows that the world has no option but to act; however, there are more benefits that come with change than just avoiding the negative effects that may result due to failure to change. Change and innovation through testing and advancement of new models are key determinants in human advancement, for instance, the global financial and European debt crisis does not only require people to imagine of a better world, but rather, to act and create that world. The need for a new economic paradigm was boosted when the 193 member states of UN general assembly adopted a consensus resolution 65/309 on happiness: towards a holistic approach to development, this resolution characterised happiness as fundamental human goal and a universal aspiration.